Well Water in Lancaster County: What to Test and Why

High Risk
Testing Strongly Recommended 3224 well tests on record
Top Concerns in This County
Nitrate Radon Manganese

Why This Happens Here

Groundwater in Lancaster County contains nitrate, radon, and manganese along with several other contaminants that exceed EPA health standards, including chloride, iron, nitrite, PFOA, PFOS, and sulfate. These levels are serious enough to require immediate attention and testing.

Nitrate enters groundwater from fertilizers and septic systems in agricultural and developed areas. Radon seeps from uranium naturally present in the crystalline bedrock beneath the county. Manganese, iron, and chloride dissolve directly from the rock as water moves slowly through fractures and small spaces in the hard stone. Road salt applied to local roads also contributes chloride to groundwater near populated areas.

Groundwater in this county is very hard, driven by elevated calcium and magnesium that dissolve from the crystalline rock. The dense, fractured nature of this bedrock releases these minerals as water sits in contact with the stone over time. Most wells across Lancaster County show these moderately elevated mineral characteristics.

What This Means for You

Wells in Lancaster County commonly contain chloride, iron, manganese, nitrate, nitrite, PFOA, PFOS, radon, and sulfate at levels above EPA health standards. Chloride and nitrate can harm kidneys and affect how blood carries oxygen. Manganese and iron pose risks to the brain and nervous system, especially in children. PFOA and PFOS are industrial chemicals linked to serious health effects including thyroid disease. Radon is a radioactive gas that increases cancer risk. Nitrite interferes with oxygen transport in the blood.

Very hard water is common in county wells and leaves thick white crusty buildup on pipes and fixtures. Hard water can shorten the lifespan of water heaters and dishwashers. Iron causes orange-brown stains on sinks, toilets, and laundry. Some residents notice a metallic taste or sulfurous smell in their water.

We recommend testing your well with a comprehensive metals and radon panel because multiple contaminants exceed health standards. Every well is different, and your well may have higher or lower levels than what is common in the county. Testing is the only way to know what is actually in your water so it can be properly treated. A comprehensive panel typically costs $200-400. Treatment options include aeration systems, activated carbon filters, and water softening.

Not sure if your well is affected? Get certified results in 5–7 days.

Test Your Well Water with Tap Score →

Contaminant Detection Data

Contaminant Samples ⓘ % Above MCL ⓘ Distribution ⓘ Confidence ⓘ Risk ⓘ
Nitrate 2071 51%
High High
Radon 167 42%
High High ⓘ
Manganese 409 25%
High High
PFOA ⓘ municipal 872 21%
High High
PFOS ⓘ municipal 872 17%
High High
Iron 429 12%
High Moderate
Chloride 854 0%
High Low
Sulfate 768 0%
High Low
Nitrite 1955 0%
High Low
Arsenic 237 0%
High Low
Fluoride 513 0%
High Low
HFPO-DA (GenX) ⓘ municipal 871 0%
High Safe
Lead 229 0%
High Low
PFHxS ⓘ municipal 136 0%
High Low
PFNA ⓘ municipal 136 0%
High Safe
Uranium 232 0%
High Low
Total Coliform 5* 0%
Low Low ⓘ
Sodium 652 —
High Low
pH 2252 —
High Low
PFBS ⓘ municipal 870 —
High Low
Hardness 666 —
High Low
E. coli 5* 0%
Low Low ⓘ

MCL = Maximum Contaminant Level (EPA limit for public water; used as benchmark for private wells). Distribution shows % of sampled wells in each concentration band. Methodology.
* Microbial contaminants (E. coli, coliform) reflect only samples from the last 10 years.

Data shows potential risk — a certified test confirms whether your water is affected.

Order a Tap Score Test →

Population Health Context

Population-level CDC data. Not individual risk prediction.

6.1%
Cancer Prevalence
(state avg: 7.0%)
7.3%
Heart Disease Rate
(state avg: 7.2%)

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