Your well water comes from old limestone and dolomite rock layers deep underground. These rocks have tiny cracks and spaces where water collects and sits. Water moves slowly through these rock layers, staying in contact with the stone for a long time.
Iron, manganese, and chloride appear because they dissolve out of the limestone and dolomite as water moves through. The rock naturally contains these minerals, and long contact time pulls them into the water. Chloride levels also show salt sources in the deeper rock that have built up over time.
Your water is extremely hard and loaded with minerals. You will see thick white scale buildup on fixtures, faucets, and inside pipes and water heaters. Iron will stain sinks and laundry orange-brown, and the high sodium and sulfate levels mean the water tastes salty or bitter and may upset your stomach.
Iron, manganese, and chloride exceed EPA health standards in Morrow County well water. Sulfate also exceeds health guidelines. This is a serious situation that requires action. These contaminants come from natural rock formations that your well taps into.
Long-term exposure to manganese can harm your nervous system. Iron and manganese stain sinks, toilets, and laundry orange and black. The water is extremely hard, leaving thick white scale on pipes and fixtures. You may also notice a rotten-egg smell from sulfate.
Get your well tested by a state-certified lab right away. A basic health screen runs $50–100, and a comprehensive mineral panel runs $200–400. A whole-house water treatment system combining a water softener, iron filter, and sulfate removal can address these issues.
| Contaminant | Samples ⓘ | % Above MCL ⓘ | Distribution ⓘ | Confidence ⓘ | Risk ⓘ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iron | 74 | 68% | 18% · 15% · 68% | Moderate | High |
| Manganese | 7 | 67% | 29% · 14% · 57% | Low | High |
| Chloride | 65 | 26% | 62% · 12% · 26% | Moderate | High |
| Sulfate | 42 | 10% | 74% · 17% · 10% | Moderate | Moderate |
| Fluoride | 9 | 0% | 100% · 0% · 0% | Low | Low |
| Lead | 2 | 0% | 100% · 0% · 0% | Low | Moderate |
| Nitrate | 3 | 0% | 100% · 0% · 0% | Low | Low |
| Nitrite | 2 | 0% | 100% · 0% · 0% | Low | Low |
| Arsenic | 1 | 0% | 100% · 0% · 0% | Low | Safe |
| Fecal Coliform | 1 | — | — | Low | Safe |
| Hardness | 32 | — | — | Moderate | Low |
| Nitrate | 1 | — | — | Low | Safe |
| pH | 7 | — | — | Low | Low |
| Sodium | 50 | — | — | Moderate | Low |
MCL = Maximum Contaminant Level (EPA limit for public water; used as benchmark for private wells). Distribution shows % of sampled wells in each concentration band. Methodology.
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