Well Water in Orleans County: What to Test and Why

Groundwater in Orleans County contains arsenic, manganese, and radon at levels that exceed federal health standards. Iron, lead, and sulfate are also present at concentrations that require attention from well owners.

These contaminants come from the rock itself. The bedrock in this county contains minerals and naturally occurring elements that dissolve into water as it moves underground. Arsenic and manganese are released from the rock layers. Radon forms from uranium decay within the same bedrock. Iron and sulfate also come from mineral-rich stone and soil in this region.

Groundwater in Orleans County is very hard, driven by elevated calcium and magnesium in the water. This hardness results from water dissolving minerals as it flows through and around the rock layers underground. Most wells in the county show this hard-water character.

Wells in Orleans County commonly exceed EPA health standards for arsenic, lead, radon, and manganese. Arsenic and lead are toxic metals that build up in your body over time and can harm your brain, heart, and kidneys. Radon is a radioactive gas that increases your risk of lung cancer when you breathe it in. Manganese at high levels can affect how your brain works, especially in children.

County wells are very hard, with high mineral content that causes real problems at home. Hard water leaves white scale and crusty buildup on faucets, showerheads, and inside pipes. It makes soap less effective for cleaning and washing clothes. The iron in the water can stain sinks, tubs, and laundry orange or brown. Very hard water wears out water heaters and dishwashers faster than normal. You may notice a metallic or bitter taste.

Your well is different from others in the county, so testing is the only way to know what is actually in your water. A comprehensive panel checking for metals, minerals, bacteria, and radon costs between $200 and $400. Once you know what you are dealing with, you can install the right treatment--water softeners handle hardness, while radon and arsenic removal systems address those specific threats.